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Strategy has existed as long as there has been organised conflict. In this new account, Jeremy Black explores the ever-changing relationship between purpose, force, implementation and effectiveness in military strategy and its dramatic impact on the development of the global power system. Taking a 'total' view of strategy, Black looks at leading powers - notably the United States, China, Britain and Russia - in the wider context of their competition and their domestic and international strengths. Ranging from France's Ancien Regime and Britain's empire building to present day conflicts in the Middle East, Black devotes particular attention to the strategic practice and decisions of the Kangxi Emperor, Clausewitz, Napoleon and Hitler

This is a collection of essays in honour of eminent Professor Robert O'Neill. Each chapter was written by prominent academics and practitioners who have had a professional connection with Professor O'Neill during his long and distinguished career. The overarching themes running throughout the book are war, strategy and history. All the essays are shaped by the role that Professor O'Neill has played over the last 50 years in the debates in Australia, Europe and the US. This book covers not only Professor O'Neill's impressive career, but also the evolution of strategy in practice, and of strategic studies as an internationally recognised academic discipline.

Armed revolution and civil war gave birth to the Soviet Union, world War II propelled it to global pre-eminence, and the Cold War contributed to the Soviet Union's demise. Given Marxism-Leninism's idological preoccupation with war and threats of war, it is understandable that the spectre of war should play a vital role in the life and fate of the Soviet state.This study of Soviet military strategy is based upon the twin pillars of Soviet political-military actions and Soviet writings on the subject of military strategy. Thanks to the policy of glasnost, it incorporates Soviet materials hitherto unavailable in the West. It aims to be not simply a retrospective account of what was, but to form part of the context for what will be in the future.

Survival, the IISS's bimonthly journal, challenges conventional wisdom and brings fresh, often controversial, perspectives on strategic issues of the moment. In this issue: Franois Heisbourg assesses that Ukraine might have to accept the de facto division of the country to secure a fast track into NATO Daniel Byman writes that state ties to terrorist groups are likely to feature in the western alliance's long-term confrontation with Russia and in its rivalry with China Juan Pablo Medina Bickel and Irene Mia assess that global climate mitigation and the energy transition could reinforce South America's geopolitical clout From the Survival archives, the late David P. Calleo predicted in 1999 that a successful euro would enhance the EU's diplomatic and military capabilities, while the late James Dobbins considered in 2012 how the US could prevent a war with China Dana H. Allin and John L. Harper reflect on long-time Survival contributing editor David P. Calleo's legacy And nine more thought-provoking pieces, as well as our regular Book Reviews and Noteworthy column. Editor: Dr Dana Allin Managing Editor: Jonathan Stevenson Associate Editor: Carolyn West

Overseas military bases have been the bedrock of the United States' ability to project military power, exert political influence and deter potential adversaries since the Second World War. But fatigue with America's forever wars', as well as more nuanced financial and strategic reasons, has inclined the public and policy community to favour reducing US global military activities and overseas presence. In this Adelphi book, Jonathan Stevenson argues that this desire does not necessarily translate into sound strategy. Overseas bases are a key element of the reassurance required to resurrect and bolster America's reputation among its allies and adversaries. Meanwhile, strategic imperatives and geopolitical realities impose restraints in every theatre. The fluidity prevailing in the Middle East and Indo-Pacific counsels maintaining forward-deployed forces there at roughly the current level. Russia's confrontational posture towards NATO and invasion of Ukraine, as well as NATO's short- and medium-term reliance on US capabilities, require the American presence in Europe to increase and expand eastward. The US should not commit itself to a foreign policy that is heavy on forward-deployed military power and light on diplomacy. But paradoxically, reducing forward military presence may not be consistent with a policy that is less focused on military power as a means of achieving stability and security.

The basic orientation in the field of military art demands at least elementary knowledge of military history and understanding to military strategy influence on the art of war. The questions tied to understanding military strategy and its influence on the preparation and conducting military operations are part of study programmes of all life education at the Defence University. The purpose of this article, dedicated to military strategy problems, is deeper understanding to its basic connections, understanding a direction the strategy took in a designated period and its development. I ought to explain in short its role and attitude towards the nature of military operations.

Introducing AFRICOM Expansion in Africa / Tshepo Gwatiwa and Justin van der Merwe -- Expanding US Africa Command: Reintegrating Africa within the US's System of Accumulation / Justin van der Merwe -- Multilateral Diplomacy in the Formation of US Africa Command: Reflections on US Africa Policy and Engagement from Bush through Obama, 2000-2016 / Michael A. Battle -- The Genesis and Origins of AFRICOM / William M. Wyatt -- AFRICOM'S Military Base in Djibouti: a History of Its Advancement / Degan Sun and Yahia H. Zoubir -- Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance in the Expansion of AFRICOM: Africa in America's -- "Panopticon" / Tshepo Gwatiwa -- Security, Circulation and Biopolitics: US Africa Command's Response to Ebola / Catriona Gold -- The Economic and Business Side of US AFRICOM in Africa: Governments, Land Lease, Aid, Corporations and Military Expansion in Djibouti / Ditabeng Mokoena and Tshepo Gwatiwa -- The US Africa Command and [Under]Development in Africa: an Appraisal of the USA's Securitization of Development in Africa / Khayalandile Lwando Mthamo -- Agenda-Setting or Reinforcement? The African Media's Reporting and its Impact on AFRICOM's Soft Power / Oluwaseun Tella -- Conclusion -- Imprinting Infrastructural and Affective Labour in Africa / Justin van der Merwe.